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Mechanisms of Microbial Carbon Sequestration in the Ocean - Future Research Directions
22 auth. N. Jiao, C. Robinson, F. Azam, H. Thomas, F. Baltar, Hongyue Dang, N. Hardman-Mountford, Martin Johnson, D. Kirchman, B. Koch, ...
This paper reviews progress on understanding bi- ological carbon sequestration in the ocean with special refer- ence to the microbial formation and transformation of recal- citrant dissolved organic carbon (RDOC), the microbial car- bon pump (MCP). …
This paper reviews progress on understanding bi- ological carbon sequestration in the ocean with special refer- ence to the microbial formation and transformation of recal- citrant dissolved organic carbon (RDOC), the microbial car- bon pump (MCP). We propose that RDOC is a concept with a wide continuum of recalcitrance. Most RDOC compounds maintain their levels of recalcitrance only in a specific en- vironmental context (RDOCt). The ocean RDOC pool also contains compounds that may be inaccessible to microbes due to their extremely low concentration (RDOCc). This dif- ferentiation allows us to appreciate the linkage between mi- crobial source and RDOC composition on a range of tempo- ral and spatial scales. Analyses of biomarkers and isotopic records show inten- sive MCP processes in the Proterozoic oceans when the MCP could have played a significant role in regulating climate. Un- derstanding the dynamics of the MCP in conjunction with the better constrained biological pump (BP) over geological timescales could help to predict future climate trends. Inte- gration of the MCP and the BP will require new research approaches and opportunities. Major goals include under- standing the interactions between particulate organic carbon (POC) and RDOC that contribute to sequestration efficiency, and the concurrent determination of the chemical composi- tion of organic carbon, microbial community composition and enzymatic activity. Molecular biomarkers and isotopic tracers should be employed to link water column processes
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9
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7 | 2014 |
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