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Metabolic outcomes in a randomized trial of nucleoside, nonnucleoside and protease inhibitor-sparing regimens for initial HIV treatment
12 auth. R. Haubrich, S. Riddler, A. DiRienzo, Lauren Komarow, W. Powderly, K. Klingman, ...
Background:The metabolic effects of initial therapy for HIV-1 infection are important determinants of regimen selection. Methods:Open-label study in 753 subjects randomized equally to efavirenz or lopinavir/ritonavir(r) plus two nucleoside reverse-t…
Background:The metabolic effects of initial therapy for HIV-1 infection are important determinants of regimen selection. Methods:Open-label study in 753 subjects randomized equally to efavirenz or lopinavir/ritonavir(r) plus two nucleoside reverse-transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI) vs. the NRTI-sparing regimen of lopinavir/r plus efavirenz. Zidovudine, stavudine, or tenofovir with lamivudine was selected prior to randomization. Metabolic outcomes through 96 weeks were lipoatrophy, defined as at least 20% loss in extremity fat, and fasting serum lipids. Results:Lipoatrophy by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry at week 96 occurred in 32% [95% confidence interval (CI) 25–39%] of subjects in the efavirenz plus two NRTIs arm, 17% (95% CI 12–24) in the lopinavir/r plus two NRTIs arm, and 9% (95% CI 5–14) in the NRTI-sparing arm (P ≤ 0.023 for all comparisons). Varying the definition of lipoatrophy (≥10 to ≥40% fat loss) and correction for baseline risk factors did not affect the significant difference in lipoatrophy between the NRTI-containing regimens. Lipoatrophy was most frequent with stavudine-containing regimens and least frequent with tenofovir-containing regimens (P < 0.001), which were not significantly different from the NRTI-sparing regimen. Total cholesterol increases at week 96 were greatest in the NRTI-sparing arm (median +57 mg/dl) compared with the other two arms (+32–33 mg/dl; P < 0.001). Use of lipid-lowering agents was more common (25 vs. 11–13%) in the NRTI-sparing arm. Conclusion:Lipoatrophy was more frequent with efavirenz than lopinavir/r when combined with stavudine or zidovudine, and less frequent when either drug was combined with tenofovir. Lipoatrophy was least frequent with the NRTI-sparing regimen, but this benefit was offset by greater cholesterol elevations and the need for lipid-lowering agents.
Published in
AIDS (London)
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30
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8 | 2009 |
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